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This Concept Map, created with IHMC CmapTools, has information related to: Exenteration, You should start by organizing your instruments and drugs that would be needed for the surgical procedure. An IV catheter (for easy administration of drugs) should also be placed, especially if the procedure would be done under GA (which is recommended especially if the animal is unlikely to cooperate). ???? Following induction, the area around the eye should be shaved, and loose hairs removed. A scrub using dilute idodine should be used to prepare the site. LA should be used for the relevant Nerve blocks (peterson's or retrobulbar blocks), The area is then undermined, staying close to the boney orbit and ensuring all the extra occular tissue is removed Ensure that not too much traction is place on the globe as this can result in cardio-ocular reflex or blinding of the other eye. Particular care should be taken at the medial canthus and removal of 3rd eyelid gland and avoid the agularis oculi vein ???? Once the tissue is bluntly disected away, the muscle origins and optic nerve and vessels are clamped (curved clamps work best) and the tissue cut away. A transfixating ligature can be placed ove the stump and the clamp removed. The Socket is then packed with gauze for ~5mins and then removed., The socket can then be flushed with sterile saline and topical anitbiotics can be instilled before closure. You should always examine the socket for signs of disease progression. ???? The subQ is then closed using 2-0 absorbale vicryl in simple contineous pattern followed by, skin closure using 0 non-absorable (nylon, prolene) in a ford interlocking pattern, if little tension is present or a horizontal mattress if there is excessive tension. Start at the middle of the laceration and work outwards, The eyelids should be sutured closed using simple contineous pattern and remembering to leave long tags or place sdditional stay stutures for manipulation of the tissue. Alternatively towel clamps can be used to hold the lids closed. ???? An elipitical incision is made around the closed eyelids staying close to the margins to ensure enough skin is left for closure at the end of the surgery. Be careful to not cut too deep below the eyelid as this could spread the infection., Following induction, the area around the eye should be shaved, and loose hairs removed. A scrub using dilute idodine should be used to prepare the site. LA should be used for the relevant Nerve blocks (peterson's or retrobulbar blocks) ???? The eyelids should be sutured closed using simple contineous pattern and remembering to leave long tags or place sdditional stay stutures for manipulation of the tissue. Alternatively towel clamps can be used to hold the lids closed., Once the tissue is bluntly disected away, the muscle origins and optic nerve and vessels are clamped (curved clamps work best) and the tissue cut away. A transfixating ligature can be placed ove the stump and the clamp removed. The Socket is then packed with gauze for ~5mins and then removed. ???? The socket can then be flushed with sterile saline and topical anitbiotics can be instilled before closure. You should always examine the socket for signs of disease progression., An elipitical incision is made around the closed eyelids staying close to the margins to ensure enough skin is left for closure at the end of the surgery. Be careful to not cut too deep below the eyelid as this could spread the infection. ???? The area is then undermined, staying close to the boney orbit and ensuring all the extra occular tissue is removed Ensure that not too much traction is place on the globe as this can result in cardio-ocular reflex or blinding of the other eye. Particular care should be taken at the medial canthus and removal of 3rd eyelid gland and avoid the agularis oculi vein, Exenteration procedure You should start by organizing your instruments and drugs that would be needed for the surgical procedure. An IV catheter (for easy administration of drugs) should also be placed, especially if the procedure would be done under GA (which is recommended especially if the animal is unlikely to cooperate)., Exenteration is done because Indications *, The subQ is then closed using 2-0 absorbale vicryl in simple contineous pattern followed by, skin closure using 0 non-absorable (nylon, prolene) in a ford interlocking pattern, if little tension is present or a horizontal mattress if there is excessive tension. Start at the middle of the laceration and work outwards ???? Antibiotics should be applied topically as well as topical antimyiasis spray and the sutures removed in ~10-14 days