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This Concept Map, created with IHMC CmapTools, has information related to: Procedure castration, Equipment and Material required (mouse over all boxes) include Sutures and Material, an incision is made proximal to the where the transfixcating ligature is to be placed, and the testicular vessels are located and ligated then, the sac is ligated using a transfixcating ligature and trasected using the emasculator incisoin care The incision is not closed but left to drain and clsoe be second intention. The owner should be advised to check the site often for signs of myiasis, infection or protrusion of abdominal contents. The area should also be sprayed with an antibiotic spray and antimyiasis spray to decrease the chances of infection and myiasis. Remember tetanus prophylaxis (toxiod and antitoxid) should be given., Castration * require Equipment and Materials needed, the testicle is pulled down and a transfixcating ligature is palced as proximal as possible; the emasculator can then be placed ~2cm below the ligature to clamp and transect the sac and contents. incisoin care The incision is not closed but left to drain and clsoe be second intention. The owner should be advised to check the site often for signs of myiasis, infection or protrusion of abdominal contents. The area should also be sprayed with an antibiotic spray and antimyiasis spray to decrease the chances of infection and myiasis. Remember tetanus prophylaxis (toxiod and antitoxid) should be given., Castration * can be performed either Closed *, identify the spermatic vessels, the ductus deferent and the epididymis; if the horse is very young and the tissue to be crushed is not too thick use the emasculator in on go, however if the animal is mature, crush and transect the vessels first then repeat for the vaginal process, ductus, deferent and cremaster muscle. incisoin care The incision is not closed but left to drain and clsoe be second intention. The owner should be advised to check the site often for signs of myiasis, infection or protrusion of abdominal contents. The area should also be sprayed with an antibiotic spray and antimyiasis spray to decrease the chances of infection and myiasis. Remember tetanus prophylaxis (toxiod and antitoxid) should be given., Must be performed under General Anesthesia. 2 longditudinal incisions, similar to that of open castration, are made lateral to the median raphe, the testicle is pulled out of the scrotum (still covered with the tunica vaginalis) alternatively Semi Closed *, Must be performed under General Anesthesia. 2 longditudinal incisions, similar to that of open castration, are made lateral to the median raphe, the testicle is pulled out of the scrotum (still covered with the tunica vaginalis) ???? the testicle is pulled down and a transfixcating ligature is palced as proximal as possible; the emasculator can then be placed ~2cm below the ligature to clamp and transect the sac and contents., Open * ???? usually done under standing sedation with proper restraint, how it can also be done under field GA. Usually faster, and done in younger horses (under 3-4 years), Equipment and Material required (mouse over all boxes) include Hemostatic forceps, usually done under standing sedation with proper restraint, how it can also be done under field GA. Usually faster, and done in younger horses (under 3-4 years) ???? 2 longitudinal incision (~4-5 cm depending on size of testicle), are made lateral to the median raphe (cutting through the skin, tunica dartos and spermatic fascia); the testicle covered by the tunica vaginalis should come out (if doesn't come out bluntly break down the scrotal ligament); the testicle is exteriorised; a similar longnitudinal incision is made into the tunica vaginalis an the testicle is bluntly pulled away from the tunica, Castration * must review first Anatomical review, usually done under standing sedation with proper restraint, how it can also be done under field GA. Usually faster, and done in younger horses (under 3-4 years) alternatively a single longitudinal incision can be made along the median raphe, Semi Closed * ???? an incision is made proximal to the where the transfixcating ligature is to be placed, and the testicular vessels are located and ligated then, the sac is ligated using a transfixcating ligature and trasected using the emasculator, Must be performed under General Anesthesia. 2 longditudinal incisions, similar to that of open castration, are made lateral to the median raphe, the testicle is pulled out of the scrotum (still covered with the tunica vaginalis) alternatively a single longitudinal incision can be made along the median raphe, Equipment and Material required (mouse over all boxes) include Local block, 2 longitudinal incision (~4-5 cm depending on size of testicle), are made lateral to the median raphe (cutting through the skin, tunica dartos and spermatic fascia); the testicle covered by the tunica vaginalis should come out (if doesn't come out bluntly break down the scrotal ligament); the testicle is exteriorised; a similar longnitudinal incision is made into the tunica vaginalis an the testicle is bluntly pulled away from the tunica ???? identify the spermatic vessels, the ductus deferent and the epididymis; if the horse is very young and the tissue to be crushed is not too thick use the emasculator in on go, however if the animal is mature, crush and transect the vessels first then repeat for the vaginal process, ductus, deferent and cremaster muscle., Castration * can be performed either Open *, Castration * consider Possible Complications *, Closed * ???? Must be performed under General Anesthesia. 2 longditudinal incisions, similar to that of open castration, are made lateral to the median raphe, the testicle is pulled out of the scrotum (still covered with the tunica vaginalis)