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This Concept Map, created with IHMC CmapTools, has information related to: Closed castration, Calicrate bander before you place the band clip the areato allow better visualization, Calicrate Bander * have animal welfare issues less acceptable techniques which are of welfare concern include, tighten the band and ensure both testicles are in the scrotum and the band does not clasp the penis after a week as with the elastrator, the scrotum and testicles eventually fall off, CLOSED CASTRATION involve the use of tools and techniques such as Burdizzo, the area should be clipped to allow better visualizing of the working area as well as to prevent the burdizzo from having to crush fur as well. The area should also be cleaned in case the skin is cut. firstly the testicles are pulled ventrocaudally and the vessels are pushed toward the lateral border of the scrotum., the burdizzo is placed, button up, and clamped. Slowly clamp while turning the burdizzo laterally to hook the vessels finally ensure the vessels are clamped. If not redo. Ensure that the crushes are not parallel nor that the median raphae is clamped or the scrotum will lose blood supply and slough off, Elastrator * have animal welfare issues less acceptable techniques which are of welfare concern include, the testicles are pulled ventrocaudally and the vessels are pushed toward the lateral border of the scrotum. lastly the burdizzo is placed, button up, and clamped. Slowly clamp while turning the burdizzo laterally to hook the vessels, CLOSED CASTRATION involve the use of tools and techniques such as Elastrator *, the band is allowed to contract and left in place after a week the scrotum and testicles eventully sloughs off. Sometimes theere is some remnants that prevents detachment. This should be surgically removed away, both testicles are passed through the band and the band is placed as close to the body wall without entrapping the penis finally the band is allowed to contract and left in place, CLOSED CASTRATION not in pigs Not done in pigs due to their short spermatic cord and anatomy which prevents proper removal of blood supply, clip the areato allow better visualization then place the band around the scrotum, ensuring that both testicles are pulled downward, Using the Elastrator before you place the band clip the area to allow better visualization, CLOSED CASTRATION requires continuous Intra-operative monitoring same as OPEN CASTRATION, the band is enlarged followed by both testicles are passed through the band and the band is placed as close to the body wall without entrapping the penis, clip the area to allow better visualization then the band is enlarged, Using the Budizzo before you clamp The burdizzo should be tested on a sheet of paper to ensure it does not cut instead of crushing, The burdizzo should be tested on a sheet of paper to ensure it does not cut instead of crushing then the area should be clipped to allow better visualizing of the working area as well as to prevent the burdizzo from having to crush fur as well. The area should also be cleaned in case the skin is cut., CLOSED CASTRATION involve the use of tools and techniques such as Calicrate Bander *