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This Concept Map, created with IHMC CmapTools, has information related to: Mehreen Haque Sidra Sheikh, Chapter 17: Species Interactions & Community Structure Oragnized by Food Web, Boulders subject to intermediate disturbance supported more species than Boulders subjected to low or high disturbances, The large roach and steelhead fish feed on the predators of chironomids and the algae thus decreasing algal biomass, Keystone species Defined as The particular species that other species depend on to keep the ecosystem a certain way, The large roach and steelhead fish cannot prey on the insects and small fishes therefore Predators of chironomids decrease the densities of chironomids, increasing the sample size or changing locality For example The middle of stream is pretty homogenous, The particular species that other species depend on to keep the ecosystem a certain way For example A food web contained chitons, limpets, and barnacles at the bottom of the chain. The midlevel predator is a Thais and the top predator was the Pisaster. If the Pisaster was removed, the ecosystem collapsed., Community defined as interactions of species inhabiting a defined area, As foliage height diversity increases, bird diversity also increases thus communities with varying heights of foliage support high species diversity, Shannon-Wiener Index with its equation as H'= -sigmaPilogePi, As the volume of foliage increases (heterogenous), species diversity increases additionally As foliage height diversity increases, bird diversity also increases, Species diversity which is based on Species richness, Species diversity also includes Intermediate Disturbance Hypthesis: areas that have moderate disturbance are l likely to support a greater number of species, increasing the sample size or changing locality For Example The number of bird species on the Caribbean islands is HIGHER on larger islands, Species abundance can be changed through increasing the sample size or changing locality, Species richness defined as the number of species in the community, Producers Primary Consumers Secondary Consumers Tertiary Consumers As you go up in each trophic level 10% of the energy is transferred, Species diversity An example includes Warbler diversity increased, as vegetatation stature increased, Chironomids and large roach feed on Cladophora (algae) and Predatory insects, young roach and stickleback fishes feed on chironomids, Intermediate Disturbance Hypthesis: areas that have moderate disturbance are l likely to support a greater number of species For example Boulders subject to intermediate disturbance supported more species