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This Concept Map, created with IHMC CmapTools, has information related to: Surgery Lab 1- Dehorning, Animal must have Signalment, Physical examination findings include Body weight, Dehorning involves Preoperative Considerations, Head rubbing, head shaking, neck extension, ear and tail flicking once observed Administer post operative analgesic (lidocaine), Rationale of procedure in order to Remove a broken or badly damaged horn at risk for infection, Disinfect all equipment however Heat from electric dehorners effectively disinfects, Physical examination findings include Stool, Physical examination findings include Behaviour, Observe behavior Pain indocators Head rubbing, head shaking, neck extension, ear and tail flicking, Observe closely for bleeding ???? Tie off blood vessels with hemostats, Signalment this includes Sex: Female, Post Operative Considerations Observe Observe closely for bleeding, Analgesics amount given Dose = (1.1mg/kg × 100kg )/(50mg/ml) = 2.2ml IV – slow, Rationale of procedure in order to Protect other animals in herd from being injured by a horned animal, Dehorning involve Post Operative Considerations, Veternarian must consider Welfare issues, Equipment to be used presurgical Syringes & Needles, Pharmological consideration inclusive of Analgesics, Disinfect all equipment by Placing in anteseptic solution, Heat from electric dehorners effectively disinfects ???? Hot iton dehorners occassionally require cleaning with wire brush