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This Concept Map, created with IHMC CmapTools, has information related to: RachelPeiqianGregE&M, 1775 - 1799 Charles-Augustin de Coulomb, a French military engineer, proved Joseph Priestley’s assertion about the inverse-square law of electric and magnetic forces by utilizing an ingenious invention - torsion balance. The torsion balance had been invented previously by English geologist John Michell, who had intended to use it to measure the gravity and the Earth's mass. 1800 - 1819 Alessandro Volta invented the Voltaic Pile, which disproved Galvani’s theory of “animal electricity”. His pile consisted of layers of silver and zinc, with pieces of salt water-moistened paper in between. This “artificial electric organ,” as Volta called it, was the first instrument to produce and maintain an electric current and to create electricity through a chemical reaction. It opened the door to all kinds of applications. The term volt, a measure of current, honors Volta’s achievement. Many scientific breakthroughs that came in the decades afterwards were applications of, improvements to or discoveries inspired by Volta’s device., 1750 - 1774 Benjamin Franklin, also an accomplished statesman, philosopher and writer, embarked on a series of experiments that led to his observations that there was only one type of electricity, instead of the two types du Fay had theorized years before. The principle of conservation of electric charge is another important product of Franklin's research. Franklin's most famous contribution to the field of E&M was his kite experiment. The discovery that lightning and electricity were one and the same led to his invention of the lightning rod, which saved countless lives. 1775 - 1799 Charles-Augustin de Coulomb, a French military engineer, proved Joseph Priestley’s assertion about the inverse-square law of electric and magnetic forces by utilizing an ingenious invention - torsion balance. The torsion balance had been invented previously by English geologist John Michell, who had intended to use it to measure the gravity and the Earth's mass., 1600 After two decades of experimentation, English physician William Gilbert completes his opus on magnetism. The work includes the first use of the term electric, the first major classification of electric and non-electric substances, and one of the earliest descriptions of the earth as a magnetic entity. 1660-1672 German physicist Otto von Guericke invents a machine capable of generating static electricity and noticed that the sulfur ball component of his electric generator could be made to glow by the electricity it produced, the first observation of electroluminescence. 1750 - 1774 Benjamin Franklin, also an accomplished statesman, philosopher and writer, embarked on a series of experiments that led to his observations that there was only one type of electricity, instead of the two types du Fay had theorized years before. The principle of conservation of electric charge is another important product of Franklin's research. Franklin's most famous contribution to the field of E&M was his kite experiment. The discovery that lightning and electricity were one and the same led to his invention of the lightning rod, which saved countless lives., 1830-1849 Faraday discovered the underlying principles behind electromagnetic induction and magneto-electric induction, which led him to invent the transformer and the generator respectively. 1887 William Heinrich Hertz was the first person to transmit and receive radio waves. Hertz also deduced that electromagnetic waves could be detected in space and that these waves traveled at the speed of light but with longer wavelengths., 1820 Hans Christian Orsted accidentally discovered that an electrical current moves a compass needle, showing a relationship between electricity and magnetism. 1830-1849 Faraday discovered the underlying principles behind electromagnetic induction and magneto-electric induction, which led him to invent the transformer and the generator respectively., 1800 - 1819 Alessandro Volta invented the Voltaic Pile, which disproved Galvani’s theory of “animal electricity”. His pile consisted of layers of silver and zinc, with pieces of salt water-moistened paper in between. This “artificial electric organ,” as Volta called it, was the first instrument to produce and maintain an electric current and to create electricity through a chemical reaction. It opened the door to all kinds of applications. The term volt, a measure of current, honors Volta’s achievement. Many scientific breakthroughs that came in the decades afterwards were applications of, improvements to or discoveries inspired by Volta’s device. 1820 Hans Christian Orsted accidentally discovered that an electrical current moves a compass needle, showing a relationship between electricity and magnetism., 1086 Chinese astronomer and mathematician Shen Kua reports the use of the magnetic compass for navigation. 1588 Italian geographer Livio Sanuto first noted the idea that the Earth has two magnetic poles. 1600 After two decades of experimentation, English physician William Gilbert completes his opus on magnetism. The work includes the first use of the term electric, the first major classification of electric and non-electric substances, and one of the earliest descriptions of the earth as a magnetic entity. 1660-1672 German physicist Otto von Guericke invents a machine capable of generating static electricity and noticed that the sulfur ball component of his electric generator could be made to glow by the electricity it produced, the first observation of electroluminescence., 600 BC Greek philosopher Thales of Miletus noted that amber attracts feathers and other lightweight materials when rubbed, the first historical reference to static electricity. He also experimented with lodestone and observed that it can attract iron. 1086 Chinese astronomer and mathematician Shen Kua reports the use of the magnetic compass for navigation. 1588 Italian geographer Livio Sanuto first noted the idea that the Earth has two magnetic poles.