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This Concept Map, created with IHMC CmapTools, has information related to: Chapter 4 test review part B, phytosterols are are new compounds derived from plant oils, a fatty acid created when an unsaturated fat is hydrogenated. Found in Margarines, shorteningscommercial frying fatsand baked goods why hydrogenate? *fats stay fresher longer *prevent rancidity * increase shelf life PHYSICAL CHANGE *higher "smoking point *become solid *loose their unsaturated characteristics & health benefits, Heart disease is the major cause of death among women after menopause because estrogen levels are lower which leads to lower HDL and higher LDL levels, Linolenic acid found in and Canola oil, are important components of cell mmbranes because of the way they are constructed w/ a water soluble head and a fat soluble tail, omeg 3 and omega 6 fatty acids omega 3 EAT FISH !, Canola and Olive oils are rich in monounsaturated fatty acids Peanut oil and safflower oil are rich in Vitamin E oleic acid in olive oil lowers LDL and raises HDL, a fatty acid created when an unsaturated fat is hydrogenated. Found in Margarines, shorteningscommercial frying fatsand baked goods have been identified as a culpret in heart disease, What is BHA &BHT listed on labels o fmany processed foods such as breakfast cereals and smack foods and the natural antioxidants vitamin C, and E, omega-3 fatty acids EPA & DHA omega 3 EAT FISH !, omeg 3 and omega 6 fatty acids omega-6 Linoleic acid, Atherogenic diet consists of keeping fat under 10% of daily calories Substitute olive and canola oils for saturated fat Increase fiber intake by eating cereal grains, legumes, fruits and vegetables Eat five to nine servings o fruits and vegetables a day to recieve beneficial antioxidants and phytochemicals they contain, essential fatty acids omega-6 Linoleic acid, lon the list it appears the more bo both totalfat and trans fatty acids the product contains alternative look fro similar products made whti no hydrogenated oils and smaller amounts of total fat, nourishing the heart by Lose 5-10 #'s to reduce blood pressure & diabetes Physical Activity lower blood pressure increase HDL control weight Reducing trans and saturated fats reduce risk of heart disease Increase intake of Protective Factors Fiber anitoxidant vitamins, its roles they help fats travel back and forth across lipid-containing membranes of cells into the watery fluids on both sides, Phospholipids and Lecithin most common phosoholipid is lecithin made by the liver in abundant quantities, ingredients lists fpr hydrogenated or partially hydrogenated oil. the higher lon the list it appears the more bo both totalfat and trans fatty acids the product contains, Naturally produeces homocysteine when it breaks down protein. The B vitamins (folate, B6 and B12) then converts it into other amino acids that the body requires if intakes of B vitaimin are low then the homocystiene levels reis and can damage the lining of arteries and can accellerate the formation of blood clots, What is BHA &BHT such an additive is called an ANTIOXIDANT