Issue #1:What is involved in the use of obstetrical chains and Frank's calf jack?

           1.Obstetrical chains should be double looped on the forelegs of the calf to distribute the pulling force more equally 
           2.The calf should be pulled straight out from the birth canal until the forelegs are free from the birth canal to minimize torque on the front leg bones The calf should then be pulled downward at a 60-degree angle
           3.STOP pulling while the hind legs are still in the birth canal - and let the cow deliver the rest of the calf on her own 
           4.Under no circumstances should more than one person directly assist in pulling a calf to avoid using excessive force.A second person may assist by stretching the vulva over the head of the calf or holding the calf jack in place, but may not assist in pulling
 

Issue #2: What are the normal vital signs for a calf?

Temp: 101.5- 102.5
Pulse:  80-100
Resp. Rate: 20-40