╨╧рб▒с>■  $&■   #                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                ье┴ ┐к jbjbjкjк ╚╚к      ]ввввввв╥╥╥╥╥ ▐ ╥SъЎЎЎЎЎЎЎЎ,=Ї1к>вЎЎЎЎЎ>╩ввЎЎЎ╩╩╩Ў▓вЎвЎ╢─ввввЎ╩F╩ввъ зk┴╢╥╥и"Hypothesis 1 Ц Pain Due to Bone Trauma Since the swelling and pain has been isolated to 12 cm proximal to fetlock and just distal to it, metatarsal bone 2, 3 and 4 could be involved. Bone fracture could lead to the evidenced swelling due to inflammation. As the bone breaks, it will also tear the surrounding soft tissues, periosteum and vessels. Often a hematoma will from surrounding the fracture ends. The hematoma clots. This loss of blood supply causes death of osteocytes within lacunae of the bone ends. This death may occur as far back as the collateral channels. These dead tissue areas then undergo necrosis. This necrosis stimulates an inflammatory response. Prostaglandins cause vasodilation and leaky vessels. This allows plasma and other fluids to accumulate in the interstitium. This results in acute edema and inflammation. This inflammation is chemotactic for granulocytes and other immuno-modulating cells. This case was presented as an acute onset lameness which points to a possible fracture. The fact that the mare may have stepped on the foal as well as the fact that the foal is a member of a small herd increases the chances that trauma caused this lameness. Because the lameness is localized to only one part of one limb trauma is more likely than infection or a congenital defect which would most likely affect more than one joint (bilateral disease process). In our plan of action, we would like to perform radiographs of the metatarsals as well as the fetlock from both cranial/caudal and medial/lateral angles. If bone trauma is present, we would expect to see a radiolucent area surrounded by radio-opaque soft tissue swelling. We will look for hairline fractures, malalignment of the bone and growth plate abnormalities. We will have to investigate all bones in the area, especially the small sesmoid and thin splint bones. Even small fractures could lead to the pain and swelling evidenced in this foal. к '(но А к ¤¤¤¤¤¤¤'(но А ╟ ╘ ю    й к ■■■■■■■■░╨/ ░р=!░"░#Ра$Ра%░ [4@ё 4NormalCJOJPJQJmH <A@Є б<Default Paragraph Fontк       кк к к FPgoЮж┘уй╖╛╩$kv{ЗТШOZ╖├9@дим╪ц*,м   Math Emporium?Macintosh HD:Desktop Folder:Student's Folder:3hypothesis1_a.txt Math EmporiumLMacintosh HD:Desktop Folder:Student's Folder:AutoRecovery save of 3hypothesi Math Emporium?Macintosh HD:Desktop Folder:Student's Folder:3hypothesis1_b.txt Math EmporiumLMacintosh HD:Desktop Folder:Student's Folder:AutoRecovery save of 3hypothesi Math Emporium?Macintosh HD:Desktop Folder:Student's Folder:3hypothesis1_c.txt @АййЗМйю5к@@GРTimes New Roman5РАSymbol3Р Arial3РTimes"qИ╨hc┌RFc┌RF!е└┤┤А20╨  &Hypothesis 1  Pain Due to Bone Trauma Math Emporium Math Emporium■  рЕЯЄ∙OhлС+'│┘0ДИР└╠фЁ $ @ L Xdlt|''Hypothesis 1 ╨ Pain Due to Bone Trauma ypoMath Emporium PathNormalpMath Emporium P2thMicrosoft Word 8.0 @ П@┬Щv╩а└@┬Щv╩а└■  ╒═╒Ь.УЧ+,∙о0 hpИРШа и░╕└ ╚ √'Virginia Tech1м 'Hypothesis 1 ╨ Pain Due to Bone Trauma Title ■    ■   ■    !"■   ¤   %■   ■   ■                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   Root Entry         └FАхЩаа└'А1Table             WordDocument        SummaryInformation(    DocumentSummaryInformation8            CompObj    XObjectPool            АхЩаа└АхЩаа└            ■                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           ■      └FMicrosoft Word Document■   NB6WWord.Document.8