Hypothesis 2 : INFECTIOUS This foal could possibly have a bacterial/viral infection obtained through the umbilical cord. This could have localized in the fetlock joint. An infection leads to an inflammatory response causing heat and pain. The infection leads to chemotaxis and the filtrate of inflammatory cells leads to edema. Because the mare is currently vaccinated and the foal received colostrum, it is unlikely that the foal inherited an infection from the mare. The foal is more susceptible to infection due to the young age and the lack of time to build sufficient immunity. A simple injury, trauma, or umbilical infection could have potentially devastating effect.